A Tithed Tease

By Justin Katz | January 7, 2005 | Comments Off on A Tithed Tease
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I just noticed that NRO has posted the first section of my “One Man’s Marriage Trap” piece. It’s only about a tenth of the whole, so now there’s another step for you to take:

  1. Read the excerpt.
  2. Buy the magazine.
  3. Write to the editors promising that you’ll buy additional issues in which my work appears.

(FYI, I’ve compiled extended quotations and citations related to the piece here.)

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Here’s What I Don’t Get

By Justin Katz | January 7, 2005 | Comments Off on Here’s What I Don’t Get
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So, in doing some research for yesterday’s post about questionable interactions between the judiciary and legislature in Rhode Island, I came across (and linked to) a Providence Journal piece on what appears to be a regular practice of nepotistic hiring between the two branches. Yet, today I read about some Ethics Commission charges against Governor Carcieri:

For the second time, the Ethics Commission yesterday found probable cause to believe Governor Carcieri broke the state ethics law, this time by failing to file a financial disclosure statement last spring. …
The commission had already found probable cause to believe Governor Carcieri violated the state ethics law when he accepted tickets from Fleet Bank to watch a New England Patriots game in December 2003 from the bank’s private box at Gillette Stadium.

I should disclose that I don’t know all of the intricacies of the Ethics Commission and its stated purposes. The work that it does is certainly important. That said, I’ll admit that I’m less concerned about questionable form-filing and tickets valued at $1,791 (given to a millionaire) than I am about the possibility of a private intragovernment job search service. Honest question: will the Ethics Commission be looking into that, or do we need another one?

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RE: A Law Degree of Separation

By Marc Comtois | January 7, 2005 | Comments Off on RE: A Law Degree of Separation
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In addition to the fine points brought up by Justin, I would also add that Mr. Tarantino attacked Achorn for “inuendo” and seeking to “inflame, outrage and slander.” Tarantino wrote that, “Mr. Achorn rants against abuses in government, whether they be actual, perceived or imagined. I prefer to deal with real problems in a productive and reasoned way, rather than through a confrontational, take-no-prisoners style.” Tarantino particularly complained that Achorn “blasts away at the entire judicial system, implying that legal decisions could be made on a partisan or political basis, rather than on their merits.” Finally, Tarantino impugned Achorn, writing, “The questions he raises are awful” and that Achorn “is wrong, though, in stating that decent persons would raise them. Decent persons base their decisions on fact, not innuendo.” Throughout the piece, Tarantino placed himself, his methodology and the RI Court system on a lofty perch while he denigrated the writing and perspective of Mr. Achorn. It seemed that the core of Tarantino’s argument against Achorn was that Tarantino thought Achorn was too eager to both find corruption and write of his suspicions concerning it. It is apparently lost on Tarantino why any reasonable Rhode Island citizen would applaud Achorn’s efforts. According to the Rhode Island Code of Ethics

Appearance of Impropriety

Both the Rhode Island Constitution and the Code of Ethics state that public officials and employees should avoid the appearance of impropriety. However, an appearance of impropriety is not prohibited by law. Nonetheless a reasonable person might question whether an official may remain impartial on the issue. It is up to the individual public official/employee to determine whether he or she should participate or not.

Situations where there may be an appearance of impropriety, but actions that are not prohibited by the Code of Ethics might include:

* An employee who is in a position to influence others to obtain a position at her agency for her best friend from college.

* A public official exaggerated his accomplishments while running for election.

These are only examples. There are more. For instance, these questions were some of those originally asked by Achorn and enraged Tarantino (as posted by Don)

Is it healthy for legislators — some of whom work for law firms whose members appear before the courts — to exclusively set the budgetary parameters for judges’ compensation and working conditions? Can judges who strike budget deals with legislators render impartial decisions on constitutional matters that profoundly affect legislators?

There are plenty of reasons to raise questions, especially when we can’t be too sure that RI Citizens will even be made aware of important “open meetings.” I would venture to say, given the history of political corruption in the Ocean State, Tarantino’s indignation at Achorn’s “innuendo” rings hollow to many Rhode Island citizens. “If it walks like a duck, and talks like a duck. . .”

Finally, I can understand why Tarantino has taken umbrage to the tough questions Mr. Achorn has asked. However, I believe that he can stop his research on behalf of the Lottery Commission now, for it “appears” we already have an idea as to what his “honest opinion” regarding Separation of Powers and legislators on the Commission will be. But then again, I don’t want to engage in innuendo.

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A Law Degree of Separation

By Justin Katz | January 6, 2005 |
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The thing about lawyers — as about salesmen — is their ability to persuade people into forgetting well-formed opinions and garnered knowledge about their occupation. Of course, most lawyers are ethical, and many rise beyond that boundary to become downright admirable. The point is that they’ve honed an approach to addressing problems that one oughtn’t forget when dealing with them — particularly when dealing with them in public debate.
Generally speaking, until they are judges, it is less their calling to determine what the law is than to argue that what it is plausibly serves a client’s interest. In most of our dealings with lawyers, in other words, we hire them to make our causes their own, and it is easy to think the best of somebody who’s on our side.
I’m certainly writing in broad strokes, here, but my purpose is to suggest that lawyers will inevitably — and rightly — bring their talents to bear when arguing their own interests. As John Tarantino, Esq., writes in a Providence Journal piece, lawyers try their best “to represent clients zealously,” and one would expect them to do no less when their “client” is an issue about which they care. In Tarantino’s case, the craftsmanship is evident in the very first clause:

EDWARD ACHORN recklessly expressed the fear that our courts could be governed by the will (and perhaps the whim) of the legislature, rather than by the rule of law.

What, the reader may wonder, is reckless in Achorn’s expression — the manner or the substance? Such phrases as “his drive-by-shooting style” would seem to suggest that it is the manner that’s reckless. But Tarantino’s prayers “that the public never loses faith and confidence in our courts” suggest that the recklessness is in some degree related to Achorn’s effectiveness.
Indeed, for all of his aggrieved personal offense, Tarantino never explains whether expressing the particular fear of an ethically compromised judiciary is reckless because it is impossible or because it is not to be feared even if real. He never says, that is, whether our “faith” should derive from evidence or from force of will.
Note that, although Tarantino is one of the lawyers researching the question at hand (“how the separation-of-powers amendment affects” the Lottery Commission), he offers not a shred of argument about it. He asserts the complexity of the analysis, saying, “There are no clear-cut answers to many constitutional questions.” But he does not describe the complexity involved, nor the ease with which decisions pertaining thereto can be “shaded” to cut in one side’s favor.
Although I’m not accusing Mr. Tarantino of anything untoward, an appeal to complexity is precisely what one would expect from a lawyer seeking to make the law say something that it does not; falsehood is often declared to be truth when buried under mounds of complexity. Again, the following may simply be error — not a crack in a deceptive construction — but it seems to me that a critical consideration could be slipping through a rhetorical loop in this paragraph:

Why? Because the legislature decided last year to allow Chief Justice Frank Williams the ability to exercise greater control over the judiciary’s budget. Now, for those who truly are interested in separation of powers, isn’t that a good thing? Shouldn’t the judiciary have greater control over its budget? It seems to me that an independent judiciary (something we all want) is better served when the chief justice has reasonable control over the court’s budget.

That reads a bit too much like a lawyerly maneuver pushing the rallying cry of “separation of powers” to knock down the related pillar of balance of power. By design, the judiciary is not “independent” on budgetary matters; however, it is now only dependent upon one other branch of government. Tarantino admits this when he calls the new policy “a sharing of budgetary control along lines that make sense.” Why that makes sense is another aspect of the debate that Tarantino does not engage, but I’d suggest that an independent judiciary, which we do all want, is better served when:

  1. A single other branch does not have sole control over its purse strings, and
  2. Circumstances aren’t such that the members of the judiciary — who are real flesh-and-blood people, not abstract scales balancing justice and churning out raw data on constitutional questions — might be tempted to assent to mutual corruption (Anybody who doubts that such a thing could happen should research the last few generations of the Bevilacqua family.)

At this point, readers can be forgiven for having been distracted from perceived indicators that “extrajudicial influences” mightn’t be so imaginary — not the least because Tarantino never addresses them. Instead, he portrays the judiciary as the victim of “target practice.” As if the one branch of our government run by unelected judges-for-life is just a delicate collection of public servants.
In deference to the feelings of this selfless elite, “decent persons will want to see how the issues Mr. Achorn complains about are presented, make their way through the courts, and ultimately are decided before they pass judgment.” Of course, once the gavel has struck, the judgment of decent people will be absolutely moot. Writes Tarantino:

By the way, that is a good thing, not a bad thing. The courts are the places where these difficult issues should be resolved. Our courts, not our legislature, not our lawyers, and certainly not our newspaper columnists, should decide constitutional questions.

Not, apparently, by a passive public of decent people, either, whose trial subscription to the constitutional regime dictated by judges can never be cancelled.

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Re: Chafee and McKay Oppose Electoral College

By Justin Katz | January 6, 2005 | Comments Off on Re: Chafee and McKay Oppose Electoral College
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The Linc Chafee quotation in Marc’s post illustrates why Chafee’s so infuriating. Not only does he stand apart from his party, but he does so for reasons that are either deceptive or, if principled, just plain foolish. (Personally, I think it’s the latter.)
By population, Rhode Island is 0.37% of the national total. By electoral college votes, Rhode Island is 0.74% of the national total. In a surface-level analysis, therefore, abolishing the college would halve Rhode Island’s electoral importance. But it’s worse than that.
Flattening the complexities of voter turnout, in an extremely close two-party race, the candidate who won a bare majority of the Rhode Island vote would claim about 0.37% of the minimum necessary to win the national popular vote. With the current system, on the other hand, that candidate gains 1.48% of the national minimum. In this scenario, Chafee’s suggestion would quarter Rhode Island’s importance.
The reason presidential candidates don’t “make an investment in Rhode Island” is their confidence that the state’s citizens will either vote for them (Democrats) or not (Republicans), by wide margins. Chafee, rather than hammering that point, is lamenting the fact that each state gets only one vote in the House in the event of an electoral college tie. In that case, Rhode Island would count for 2% of the total and about 4% of the minimum to win.
The conspiratorially minded among us might have reason to wonder whether Chafee isn’t in truth an extreme Republican partisan working beguilingly to limit the influence of New England liberals.

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Chafee and McKay Oppose Electoral College

By Marc Comtois | January 6, 2005 | Comments Off on Chafee and McKay Oppose Electoral College
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Senator Lincoln Chafee has decided to join California Sen. Diane Feinstein in calling for the abolishment of the Electoral College.

“Under the current system, the only states that get any candidate visits are the battleground states,” said Chafee. “As a Rhode Islander . . . I’d like to see the presidential candidates make an investment in Rhode Island. The last election came down to just Ohio and Florida.”

What is more, Chafee said, is that a tie in the Electoral College in a presidential election would push the decision into the House of Representatives, where each state would get one vote. That, Chafee said, would not be a representative system.

Apparently, the journalist who penned the piece also opposes the Electoral College. I assume this from the immediately detectable amount of editorialization in Scott McKay’s “news” story. In describing how the Electoral College was formulated, McKay wrote

It is an irony of the 21st century that presidential elections in an era of the Internet and international jet travel are decided by the Electoral College, a system established by men — no women were allowed to vote — who communicated by quill pen and horseback mail and traveled by clipper ship.

The system was erected by the men who founded the United States in 1789 because they did not trust average citizens. Voting was restricted to white males who owned property. And they only allowed those voters to select one segment of the U.S. government — the federal House of Representatives.

U.S. senators were chosen by legislatures until 1913, when popular election of senators was established. The founders established the Electoral College — which in those days was made up of community and political leaders — to pick the president.

As one familiar with the debate, and perhaps I’ll post substantively on that in the future, it is easy for me to detect the anti-Electoral College “talking points” within McKay’s prose. The allusion to modern items like the internet and jetplanes provided to accentuate the implied archaic nature of the Electoral College; the true but gratuitous line that “the Electoral College, a system established by men — no women were allowed to vote”; that it was “erected” because the Founders didn’t “trust” the average citizen, which is true but leaves a lot of the context out; and the tiresome recitation of how only white male property owners voted and how this small and exclusive group chose the President.

Now, perhaps McKay intended to convey that it was Chafee and Feinstein’s argument that he was presenting. If so, he did a poor job of making that point clear. However, that he started a paragraph with the declarative “It is an irony that…” indicates to me that Mr. McKay has taken it upon himself to editorialize against the Electoral College within a news story. As such, I would urge him to confine his personal sentiments to the editorial pages where they belong.

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Meeting in RI

By Carroll Andrew Morse | January 6, 2005 | Comments Off on Meeting in RI
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As a result of the separation of powers legislation passed in November, legislators are barred from serving on Rhode Island’s executive boards and commissions. Governor Carcieri has proposed a new slate of members for the Rhode Island Lottery commission. Senate President William Murphy, however, claims the lottery commission is exempt from the separation of powers law. To help me understand why this might be so, and what the lottery commission actually decides, I decided to look up the Rhode Lottery Commission website. I figured a record of votes, meeting minutes and meeting agendas would be publicly available.
So, far I haven’t been able to find the information anywhere online, despite Rhode Island Secretary of State’s Matt Brown’s efforts to make information from all government meetings in Rhode Island electronically available. (Here is a Brown University Study on how well the open meetings law passed in 2003 was complied with, and a Projo summary of the report.)
Given the current state of affairs:
1. Why not amend the Open meetings law to state that any action requiring a vote that is not posted electronically within 30 days of passage shall be deemed null and void.
2. Let’s suggest to the current lottery commission members — legislators or otherwise — that if they are too busy to fulfill the basic function of informing the public of what they do, they should resign for that reason alone.

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Stepping Out to Charge Back In

By Justin Katz | January 6, 2005 | Comments Off on Stepping Out to Charge Back In
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Congrats to Will Ricci, of the NFRA of RI, for being named editor of the Rhode Island HQ pages of GOPUSA. The more conservatives in this state can reach beyond its borders, the better our chances of forcing change.
Will’s got some blog-like posts of news from around Rhode Island, and he’s in the process of updating the various local links. Be sure to express your opinion on his online poll asking about support for Chafee’s reelection. (My response shouldn’t be a surprise.)

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Fear of the Paraethical

By Justin Katz | January 6, 2005 | Comments Off on Fear of the Paraethical
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A familiar refrain from Harry Staley of the Rhode Island Shoreline Coalition:

Why am I concerned? Why can’t I be like those Rhode Islanders who embrace this state’s special brand of ethical conduct?
Unfortunately, I was taught, albeit in other states, that the very perception of wrongdoing or improper influence by those granted the public trust — particularly those in the judicial system — was the quintessential “no-no.” Apparently, not in Rhode Island! Not for us the ethical standards of Washington, Lincoln, Roosevelt, Holmes, Brandeis or Cardozo. Our leaders know better how to take care of us — or is it how to take us?

Kinda makes you wonder if the state’s politics ought to be on the list of items that all real estate agents must divulge to prospective buyers. (Hey, they have to mention any possible paranormal activity.)

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You Can’t Remove the Commandments

By Justin Katz | January 5, 2005 | Comments Off on You Can’t Remove the Commandments
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Although I have more to say about this issue (and will hopefully do so in the near future), the Providence Journal editorial page’s position on the removal of the Ten Commandments from Roger Williams Park is worth a separate cheer:

It would be as easy to expunge our Judeo-Christian heritage as it would be to erase our classical heritage — seen in everything from the Greek-inspired love of argument, reasoning and scientific analysis to the handsome columns that adorn our public places. The Ten Commandments are part of our common inheritance; they helped shape our laws and culture.
The few fanatics who are bothered by a Ten Commandments monument in a city park would cite the First Amendment’s “Establishment Clause,” which supposedly guarantees the absolute separation of church and state. The actual language of the amendment, however, and the conduct of Americans for centuries suggest that something far different was stated and intended: that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.”

(I do have to admit, though, that it sometimes seems that the editorial position of the paper depends mostly on who was able to make it to the relevant meeting.)

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